Archives for posts with tag: christian dominionism

At Ft Russ, there is an erudite Russian gentleman writes level, common sense. Far from the overweening personality typical of the western pundit, Mr Eduard Popov is level, honest, one could even say humble, when presenting carefully considered insights well worth taking in.

This (yours truly) polymorph, for most part inclined to multiple manifestations in form of cynic, satirist, on rare occasion the playful jester, but often persona of crude assassin/social critic via lampoon, should tread carefully when correcting one so worthy as Mr Popov.

I would hope it might be said of today’s result “Ronald does, time to time, show his better side.” I suppose I could have simply said ‘I hope I can accomplish this with respect.’

In Mr Popov’s otherwise excellent article “If the U.S. Wants War in Syria, It Will Get War in Ukraine”, where clear case is laid out NATO in Europe would be rolled over as he says ‘like a knife through butter’ there is the one small paragraph or conclusion this analyst takes exception to:

“The main point is that Russia has been and remains the only state capable of destroying the United States if things ever reach the point of a nuclear conflict. It is unlikely that the American establishment would take such a suicidal step no matter how great the temptation might be to commit to a nuclear strike on Russia”

Concerning this presumption of rationality on the American leadership’s part, Friday the 13th seems an auspicious date to point out rationality is not this western liberal democracy’s strong suite. Follows, is the not-so-small matter in which I am compelled to correct Mr Popov, relating to the present state of NATO in its pursuit of demonizing Russia; in what amounts to a western media demagoguery or rousing speech to incite ignorant crowd to lynch innocents.

Prior to laying out the gist of the USA’s psychology in this regard, let me be clear this not so small misapprehension of reality by Eduard Popov is perfectly understandable; as it does seem in the USA itself there is large inability, among otherwise intelligent Americans, to grasp a peculiar darkness where a foremost world authority on a radical religious cult overtaken the American security structures, that is the founder and director of the Military Religious Freedom Foundation, can as matter of fact answer the question posed by Cenk Uygur:

“You’re telling me 28 to 34 percent of our military want 7 billion people to die” [believe in literal Armageddon]

“The simple answer is affirmative”

This simple but startling fact is made only worse because the overall percentage doesn’t reflect the percentage actually appears to be higher, very much higher, in the USA military officer corps, and a bit less in the rank and file.

Backing up, to reconstruct or condense a bit of national biography, what our friends in Russia cannot have experienced, and consequently cannot know, is effect of history where the jails & lunatic asylums of Western Europe had been emptied into what was to become the USA, all to become hybridized with Europe’s banished religious extremists of the USA’s pre-founding era; never-mind my nation’s founders were giants of enlightenment thinking, because it is the excesses of Calvinism, only worse, a criminally insane, socially inverted ‘morality’, that has come to rule us. This is the simple reality.

What we have today is ‘prosperity gospel’ overtaken the western corporate boards of the USA’s military-industrial complex where, no matter certain outcome of egregious death were delivered to entire societies, if these outcomes make you personally mega-wealthy, ‘it is because God is blessing you.’ Erstwhile Chevron board director, Bush National Security Advisor & one time Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice is example par excellence.

From this necrotic phenomenon come the lateral relationships between corporate boards’ most powerful personalities, evinced in manifestation of ‘deep state’ minions; where marionette personalities like Rice, and more recently, Tillerson, point to a relationship of oil stocks, example given, to American corporate neocolonialism in what amounts to a planet-wide Manifest Destiny 2.0. The original Manifest Destiny, that is the conquest and rule over America’s indigenous nations, it should be remembered, was attended with rationale of evangelism; that is bringing ‘Christian’ civilization to the heathen. But today’s adversary, Russia, you might argue in the present context, is a Christian nation. Well, the argument of these fantastic hypocrites would be ‘Orthodoxy’ is ‘not Christian enough’ or is ‘the wrong kind of Christian.’ The underlying argument with Russia continues to be a theological one; from the past argument with ‘godless’ Marx, to the present argument with ‘deceived’ Orthodoxy. If your Christianity is not one of violent greed, en route to literal apocalypse (with a required alignment along the way to the western corporate evangelism), it counts for nothing with these people.

Is the preceding statement too strong? Here is the evidence I would offer: Eduard Popov has, without a doubt, read Tolstoy and Solzhenitsyn. The Americans I am speaking of have little interest in this quality of literature, in fact our great writer, Washington Irving, other than some surviving in print trite tales of colonial Dutch ghosts, is a forgotten literary figure and was no giant of ethics, rather a honest and entertaining chronicler of American life. No, truth be known, they’d not read this man nor would they be fans of Mark Twain, for if the Americans could produce a great writer, he’d be a satirist of our culture and Twain was exactly that. Beyond this, I doubt so much as 1% of the right-wing evangelicals are so much as aware of the existence of Howard Zinn’s ‘A People’s History of The United States’ where the public schools had been castrated and deprived of right to teach controversial material, whether left, right or center. What do these extreme American neocolonialists of the present day read? A multiple New York Times best selling list extreme Christian fantasy series:

The formula combines Tom Clancy-like suspense with touches of romance, high-tech flash and Biblical references.” […] “an exciting, stay-up-late-into-the-night, page turner story” […]  “the most successful Christian Fiction series ever” […] “…blend of B-movie science fantasy and horror

An Orthodox view of the preceding?

“David Carlson, a Professor of Religious Studies and a member of the Greek Orthodox Church, wrote that the theology underpinning the Left Behind series promotes a “skewed view of the Christian faith that welcomes war and disaster, while dismissing peace efforts in the Middle East and elsewhere–all in the name of Christ“” [bold mine RTW]

Yes sir, Mr Popov, this is the mindset of the Pentagon, Vice President of the United States of America Mike Pence, CIA Director & Secretary of State hopeful Mike Pompeo, American National Security Advisor John Bolton, American Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley and not least, Melania Trump. To name a few of the many American self-anointed or ‘chosen.’ Whether Donald Trump is a ‘true believer’ is unknown. But the influences surrounding him should be realistically noted.

Lastly, in regards to the preceding, it should not be missed the USA’s flamboyant overthrow of the rule of International Law is a follow-on to the cavalier discarding of its own Constitutional order; where the self-justifying-self-excusing comes down to a narcissistic interpretation where ‘God’s Law’ is held superior to any institution of man’s law. In this criminal act of usurping all institutions of national and international order, raising the stakes rather than facing accountability, is the preferred model of criminals who’ve burnt their bridges behind them; no matter consequence for the rest of us. When it comes to choice of facing a noose for the individual’s crimes or marching armies towards initiating Armageddon for us all, their instinct will be to Armageddon. That Russian military would slice NATO to pieces in Europe means nothing to these people, they would disingenuously cite the 300 Spartans of Thermopylae and wash their hands of responsibility.

If the preceding is in the model of a cloistered, insulated community of thought springing from a George Orwell inspired science fiction religious fantasy morphing into reality, what of the Americans who should have been putting the brakes on this necrotic turn of events for the world? They’re preoccupied in a Huxley-esque ‘it’s all about me’ dissolute embrace of propagandized consumerism. They’re so caught up in the ‘Hillary was cheated’ (related to feminism) propaganda lie, where the women are competing not to be equal to the men, as much as to be like the men, in a social rule of artificial political correctness to point of grotesque, they don’t even have a spiritual wherewithal or dimension to question what has actually happened. This other side of the American schizophrenic order couldn’t even begin to comprehend they are every bit as susceptible to the economic collapse that would come with an American arms production & sales cessation. Pain that comes with self-sacrifice are altogether alien concept to these ‘other’ Americans who couldn’t understand they also are living far beyond their means, via corporate neocolonialism’s exploitation of this small planet at point of arms, if they actually tried.

Closing, I will quote an ethnic Russian of expatriate family from Soviet times, a man who has attempted to study and understand both sides, today’s rising Russia and, its dissolute but dangerous adversary:

“The Russian view is simple: the West is ruled by a gang of thugs supported by an infinitely lying and hypocritical media while the general public in the West has been hopelessly zombified” — The Saker

I hate to say it, but he’s almost right. The missing element to make the entirety of the perception whole would be ‘irrational’ added thrice.

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A former Special Forces Sergeant of Operations and Intelligence, Ronald Thomas West is a retired paralegal/investigator (living in exile) whose work focus had been anti-corruption and human rights. Ronald is published in International Law as a layman (The Mueller-Wilson Report, co-authored with Dr Mark D Cole) and has been adjunct professor of American Constitutional Law at Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (for English credit, summer semester 2008.) Ronald’s formal educational background is primarily in social psychology.

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Note on the following: I’ve been forwarding not only examples of this sort of hate infecting NATO, but also sending along good intelligence to German parliamentarians on this necrotic social phenomena, with roots in Nazi Germany,  for nearly two full years (as of the date of this posting.) Moreover, I have ascertained the German parliamentarians are in receipt, and well aware of, this information. Their silence on the matter is nothing short of damning.

2 September 2014

Sent to: hans-christian.stroebele@bundestag.de, gregor.gysi@bundestag.de, ulla.jelpke@bundestag.de, irene.mihalic@bundestag.de, michael.hartmann@wk.bundestag.de, armin.schuster@bundestag.de

To the several German parliamentarians

I would like to draw your attention to the fact of NATO military chaplains disseminating death threats (forwarded mail, below) .. in American idiom “taken out” is an absolute reference to killing someone, “impaled” of course, should make this clear to the non-native speaker.

Insofar as the ‘Christian Dominion’ theology placing the Bible above the rule of secular law in NATO nations, and associated behaviors, I will provide these additional examples of why you should be concerned enough to speak out:

“Mike Bickle — who played a major role in the August 6th “The Response” prayer event that served as the de facto kickoff event for Rick Perry’s presidential bid — in the near future Jews who refuse to convert to Christianity and move to Israel will be pursued by “hunters” sent by God and can expect to be thrown into “prison camps” and “death camps” (see embedded video footage, from Bickle sermons)
“IHOP Kansas head Bickle says that “the most famous [heaven-sent] hunter in recent history is a man named Adolf Hitler”, and has claimed that Jews collectively are “under the discipline of God because of… perversion and sin.”

“In Mike Bickle’s view, a lucky one third of the world’s Jewish population to survive the apocalyptic persecution he predicts will “get radically saved and become lovesick worshipers of Jesus.” Bickle has expounded these prophecies, which he claims are clearly described in Biblical scripture” end quote

^ This above at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/bruce-wilson/rick-perry-jews_b_1018192.html

Insofar as the ethics of Christian Dominionist Rick Perry, who aspires to become Commander-in-Chief in 2016, it follows Rick Perry’s office quashed investigation into corrupt law enforcement and judges taking bribes from international drug cartels, which puts a bit of light on the criminality of these people:

“Dutton and Gonzales said small aircraft regularly drop drug loads on ranches or other properties along the U.S.-Mexico border, and that some U.S. law officers escort the loads to the next stop. The two whistle-blowers said that drug cartels have managed to obtain computer access codes to U.S. surveillance systems that let them see where and when Border Patrol agents are monitoring the border. They also alleged that drug cartels have given big donations to politicians, which are unreported, to influence appointments of key law enforcement officers.

“Some of these allegations were contained in a letter that Dutton provided to Gov. Rick Perry, who is seeking the Republican Party’s nomination for president in the 2012 election. “Our office received the letter and referred it to the appropriate agency, which was the Department of Public Safety,” Josh Havens, a spokesman for the Texas governor’s office, said last Friday.

“Steven McCraw, director of the Texas Department of Public Safety and a former FBI agent from El Paso, said last Friday that he was interested in talking to Dutton. Then, about a half-hour later, McCraw said that Dutton had no credibility. “We looked into it and there was nothing there,” McCraw said.

“Dutton said in response, “How can they say there was nothing when they didn’t even look at what I have?” Dutton said he has videos, telephone records, and other documents gathered over the 18 months he worked with the FBI. “The DPS never asked to see any of it,” Dutton said” end quote

^ This preceding may be read at http://www.elpasotimes.com/ci_18924755

I suggest, for sake of sanity, your several offices generate enough courage to take a public stand against a rapidly spreading Nazi meme, or alternatively, should I suggest your silence indicates a cowardice worthy of little more than satire? My most recent endeavor in this regard may be read here:

https://ronaldthomaswest.com/2014/08/31/natos-three-chihuahuas/

Regards

Ron West

“The history of the great events of this world are scarcely more than a history of crime” -Voltaire

Forwarded message:

From: Army Wife’s E-Mail Address Withheld
Subject: Comment Posted About Mikey Weinstein
Date: August 30, 2014 at 11:54:33 PM MDT
To: Information Weinstein <mikey@militaryreligiousfreedom.org>

Mr, Weinstein, I am the wife of a soldier in the (Army unit name withheld) and mother of 2 small children. I am so appalled by this comment below which was sent to my husband (name and rank withheld) and I and many others here at (military installation name withhheld) by one of our base chaplains this evening in preparation for a bible study class on post about you and the MRFF. The class is to beheld at the post chapel annex tomorrow morning. This chaplain put together alot of material about you and your family and the MRFF. It is all bad. But the one below stuck out. Because its like asking someone to capture you and kill you. All in public no less. Please do not use either my name or my husband’s either. Or this e-mail address or anything else that could identify us. We are so upset. And we’re not going to attend this slander session against you all at the MRFF. Which is pretending to be a Sunday Christian bible study. We are ashamed to see this material. But we struggle with how to express it without getting in trouble here at (military installation name withheld). How can this chaplain do such a mean thing? I apologize for you having to even know about this. But we thought you should. We are Christians (my dad and brother are Baptist pastors) and support what the MRFF has done in the Army and elsewhere too. (Army wife’s name withheld)

“I want to be perfectly clear about this. I am a non-theist, an agnostic. Having said that, I also want to be clear when I say this so-called “consultant,” Mikey Weinstein needs to be taken out, and impaled publicly! Really! I’ve been a soldier for 22+ years and I have nothing but praise for our military Chaplains and the work they do. This Weinstein bastard (please forgive the language) is the seditious, treasonous one who proposes to subvert the 1st Amendment. He is an evil monster and needs to be stopped!”

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S1

Drone strikes for Jesus. Christian Taliban. The Pentagon. If you don’t believe in literal Armageddon, you’re “not Christian enough.” These people control the USA’s military arsenal. This is scary stuff folks.

“You’re telling me 28 to 34 percent of our military want 7 billion people to die” [believe in literal Armageddon] … “The simple answer is affirmative”

Between 28 and 34 percent of the USA military has embraced “Christian Dominionism” according to the six time Nobel Peace Prize nominated Military Religious Freedom Foundation.

For my friends on the left, my message is, knee-jerk rejection of Mikey Weinstein for the fact of his being a former White House attorney in the Reagan administration, is one of the dumbest things you could ever do-

Pat.sweat.2

My many and eternal thanks to my mentor ^

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The contents of ronaldthomaswest.com is largely, if not entirely, a chronicle of ‘The Alpha Project.’

The ‘Alpha Project’ initiated with my former employer, Mark Mueller, when I was an investigator. An attorney who is aligned with the organization ‘Trial Lawyers for Public Justice’, Mark has stood by me when other lawyer friends wanted nothing to do with me (after it became clear who I was engaged in a fight with.) ‘Alpha’ draws its origin from my investigations of the early 1990s for Mark on behalf of Blackfeet Indians, when I’d initially uncovered crimes by the big oil company CHEVRON (which employs criminals rings comprised of bought off government employees to achieve its goals of circumventing laws) and eventually led to my problem with Condoleezza Rice and a whole host of intelligence agency related criminals .. It was years later I named this case that refused to go away and leave me alone the ‘alpha’ investigative case.

Along the way of working ‘alpha’, I’d teamed up with Mikey Weinstein, a former White House attorney who founded the six time Nobel Peace Prize nominated Military Religious Freedom Foundation and has worked together with myself fighting some of the most criminal people in the world. Mikey’s project is mostly tied to Pentagon. We have exchanged information and help develop each other’s projects. Mikey’s Military Religious Freedom Foundation project involving the Pentagon, has overlap with the ‘alpha’ project involving intelligence agencies.

The result of the ‘alpha’ investigation is clear. Corporate organized crime in the military-industrial complex fused with institutions in NATO and rogue elements in intelligence agencies (with the beyond Orwellian twist of ‘Christian Dominionism’ thrown in), together form an international ‘deep state’ dedicated to the subversion and eventual overthrow and/or control of western democratic institutions. The German government and law enforcement is now fully aware of ‘alpha’ elements that have operated exterior to the parameters of law in Germany. Incidental to this, alpha’s operational command and control centered in the USA has had the German political establishment intimidated at the highest levels.

A very politically savvy German who’d been deeply involved with the early developments of what became the ‘alpha’ investigative project and has kept himself informed on subsequent developments over the years, is of the opinion the German government is boxed in or cornered at the present time related to ‘alpha.’ I agree. It is my own opinion information enough has been developed in relation to ‘alpha’ to simply let it stand as positioned at the present time and see what develops of its own accord.

With the German government well aware of all the necessary facts concerning ‘alpha’, from police at the local level to the top politicians in Germany, there is really little more to accomplish. The ‘alpha’ investigative result cannot stay swept under the rug indefinitely, too many people now know what is happening, and ultimately, I have little control over when it breaks into the open or how it will develop subsequently. This will have to do with any remaining institutions concerning the rule of law which have not yet been co-opted by the criminal enterprise behind ‘alpha.’ It is the undeniable responsibility of these institutions to take the information developed surrounding ‘alpha’ forward; towards restoration of an authentic constitutional order.

I am now in process of closing the ‘alpha’ project. I’m tired beyond belief but feel what I’ve managed to now is solid accomplishment, only needing time to see a result. Wrapping up the small details, separating the political from the personal and relocating my life to sane society should be accomplished over the coming months.

I understand and have been comfortable with my circumstance in Germany in relation to balancing police elements who have been friendly to me, against the cowardly, ruling politicians at the top who only (apparently under any circumstance) wish I would go away. But I have no idea what I will be stepping into in future as I will be relocating. My best guess is I will be largely left alone by the corrupted political institutions and related criminal elements in the several intelligence agencies, having badly burned them on multiple occasions, as they should have learned by now to leave myself to preferred occupation writing on ancient Native American philosophy, children’s and folk literature, and meanwhile cultivating my growing positive allergy to geo-political intrigue.

For my stalkers, those who’ve sent me death threats and the ones who’ve actually tried to take me out, for those of you who are too stupid to give up, I will be living with two sisters in a super-sweet, non-western cultural arrangement and a good place to redirect your search would be to one of the several thousands of yurts scattered across remote Mongolia….

For the rest of you, my blessings and best wishes for a future sans the world blowing itself up!

Mark

^ click on letter to enlarge

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Related:

The Alpha Chronology

VE18

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The (No) ‘Establishment’ Clause

There is little question the American founders were, without exception, ‘believers’ in a supreme deity or that is to say “God.” Their commonality of belief ends with that statement. The (no) ‘Establishment’ clause of the anti-federalist founders (as opposed the ‘Federalist’ founders) enshrined in the First Amendment of the United States Constitution, derived from a consensus there could never be any one religion in supremacy in these United States.

This consensus derived from historical experience showing a ‘state religion’ is inimical to freedom. The one man responsible for a widespread support from the general populace supporting this consensus was Thomas Paine.

John Adams had stated: “Without the pen of Paine, the sword of Washington would have been in vain”

The purpose of the (no) ‘Establishment’ clause derived from our several founders unshakeable notion that any church in supremacy results in persecution of freedom. In their time, this notion was based on very real history, pointing particularly to the Church of England and the Church at Rome. Both had initiated policies in collusion with government(s) resulting in exodus of minority religions and political free thinkers, to what eventually became our American republic. The (no) ‘Establishment’ clause was intended to guard against these persecutions repeating history at future time in the USA.

That John Adams recognized this would be a necessary safeguard, despite his conservative Christian faith, is to be demonstrated in his statement on Paine. Furthermore, Adams had endorsed the language: “The government of the United States is in no sense founded upon the Christian religion” when he signed the ‘Treaty of Tripoli’

Thomas Jefferson wrote: “Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between man and his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legislative powers of government reach actions only, and not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should ‘make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,’ thus building a wall of separation between church and State” – President Thomas Jefferson in a letter to Danbury Baptist Association.

Jefferson even took the idea further. His endorsement of a (no) ‘Establishment’ clause invited non-Christian faiths to stand on a par with any Christian faith in the newly founded United States: “a singular proposition proved that it’s protection of opinion was meant to be universal. Where the preamble declares that coercion is a departure from the plan of the holy author of our religion, an amendment was proposed, by inserting the word ‘Jesus Christ,’ so that it should read ‘a departure from the plan of Jesus Christ, the holy author of our religion,’ the insertion was rejected by a great majority, in proof that they meant to comprehend, within the mantle of its protection, the Jew and the Gentile, the Christian and Mahometan, the Hindoo, and infidel of every denomination” -commenting on proceedings in the Virgina Assembly.

Benjamin Franklin concurred with Jefferson: “If the Mufti of Constantinople were to send an emmissary to preach to us Mohammedism, he would be provided a pulpit”

James Madison goes even farther: “Experience witnesses that ecclesiastical establishments, instead of maintaining the purity and efficacy of religion, have had a contrary operation. During almost 15 centuries has the legal establishment of Christianity been on trial. What has been its fruits? More or less, in all places, pride and indolence in the clergy; ignorance and servility in the laity; in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution”

The last word inspiring the (no) ‘Establishment’ clause is given to Thomas Paine, the man Adams had implied motivated the troops to serve under General Washington:

“I do not believe in the creed professed by the Jewish church, by the Roman church, by the Greek church, by the Turkish church, by the Protestant church, nor by any church that I know of. My own mind is my own church. All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit

The USA Constitution’s (no) ‘Establishment’ clause: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof” ..

.. is routinely violated by the crusaders at our Pentagon:

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Sane people support the Military Religious Freedom Foundation

Paine’s essay from ‘The Age of Reason’

“IT has been my intention, for several years past, to publish my thoughts upon religion. I am well aware of the difficulties that attend the subject, and from that consideration, had reserved it to a more advanced period of life. I intended it to be the last offering I should make to my fellow-citizens of all nations, and that at a time when the purity of the motive that induced me to it, could not admit of a question, even by those who might disapprove the work.

“The circumstance that has now taken place in France of the total abolition of the whole national order of priesthood, and of everything appertaining to compulsive systems of religion, and compulsive articles of faith, has not only precipitated my intention, but rendered a work of this kind exceedingly necessary, lest in the general wreck of superstition, of false systems of government, and false theology, we lose sight of morality, of humanity, and of the theology that is true.

“As several of my colleagues and others of my fellow-citizens of France have given me the example of making their voluntary and individual profession of faith, I also will make mine; and I do this with all that sincerity and frankness with which the mind of man communicates with itself.

“I believe in one God, and no more; and I hope for happiness beyond this life.

“I believe in the equality of man; and I believe that religious duties consist in doing justice, loving mercy, and endeavoring to make our fellow-creatures happy.

“But, lest it should be supposed that I believe in many other things in addition to these, I shall, in the progress of this work, declare the things I do not believe, and my reasons for not believing them.

“I do not believe in the creed professed by the Jewish church, by the Roman church, by the Greek church, by the Turkish church, by the Protestant church, nor by any church that I know of. My own mind is my own church.

“All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit.

“I do not mean by this declaration to condemn those who believe otherwise; they have the same right to their belief as I have to mine. But it is necessary to the happiness of man, that he be mentally faithful to himself. Infidelity does not consist in believing, or in disbelieving; it consists in professing to believe what he does not believe.

“It is impossible to calculate the moral mischief, if I may so express it, that mental lying has produced in society. When a man has so far corrupted and prostituted the chastity of his mind, as to subscribe his professional belief to things he does not believe, he has prepared himself for the commission of every other crime. He takes up the trade of a priest for the sake of gain, and in order to qualify himself for that trade, he begins with a perjury. Can we conceive any thing more destructive to morality than this?

“Soon after I had published the pamphlet Common Sense, in America, I saw the exceeding probability that a revolution in the system of government would be followed by a revolution in the system of religion. The adulterous connection of church and state, wherever it had taken place, whether Jewish, Christian, or Turkish, had so effectually prohibited by pains and penalties, every discussion upon established creeds, and upon first principles of religion, that until the system of government should be changed, those subjects could not be brought fairly and openly before the world; but that whenever this should be done, a revolution in the system of religion would follow. Human inventions and priestcraft would be detected; and man would return to the pure, unmixed and unadulterated belief of one God, and no more.

“Every national church or religion has established itself by pretending some special mission from God, communicated to certain individuals. The Jews have their Moses; the Christians their Jesus Christ, their apostles and saints; and the Turks their Mahomet, as if the way to God was not open to every man alike.

“Each of those churches show certain books, which they call revelation, or the word of God. The Jews say, that their word of God was given by God to Moses, face to face; the Christians say, that their word of God came by divine inspiration: and the Turks say, that their word of God (the Koran) was brought by an angel from Heaven. Each of those churches accuse the other of unbelief; and for my own part, I disbelieve them all.

“As it is necessary to affix right ideas to words, I will, before I proceed further into the subject, offer some other observations on the word revelation. Revelation, when applied to religion, means something communicated immediately from God to man.

“No one will deny or dispute the power of the Almighty to make such a communication, if he pleases. But admitting, for the sake of a case, that something has been revealed to a certain person, and not revealed to any other person, it is revelation to that person only. When he tells it to a second person, a second to a third, a third to a fourth, and so on, it ceases to be a revelation to all those persons. It is revelation to the first person only, and hearsay to every other, and consequently they are not obliged to believe it.

“It is a contradiction in terms and ideas, to call anything a revelation that comes to us at second-hand, either verbally or in writing. Revelation is necessarily limited to the first communication — after this, it is only an account of something which that person says was a revelation made to him; and though he may find himself obliged to believe it, it cannot be incumbent on me to believe it in the same manner; for it was not a revelation made to me, and I have only his word for it that it was made to him.

“When Moses told the children of Israel that he received the two tables of the commandments from the hands of God, they were not obliged to believe him, because they had no other authority for it than his telling them so; and I have no other authority for it than some historian telling me so. The commandments carry no internal evidence of divinity with them; they contain some good moral precepts, such as any man qualified to be a lawgiver, or a legislator, could produce himself, without having recourse to supernatural intervention.”

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